Food additives and their toxicities
List of main food additives
| Additives | Additive name | Toxicity |
|---|---|---|
 | E100 Curcumin |  to moderate |
.png) | E100(i) Curcumin | to moderate |
.png) | E100(ii) Turmeric | to moderate |
 | E1000 Cholic acid |  No Danger Known |
 | E1001 Choline salts and esters | No Danger Known |
.png) | E1001(i) Choline acetate |  unknown |
.png) | E1001(ii) Choline carbonate | unknown |
.png) | E1001(iii) Choline chloride | unknown |
.png) | E1001(iv) Choline citrate | unknown |
.png) | E1001(v) Choline tartrate | unknown |
.png) | E1001(vi) Choline lactate | unknown |
 | E101 Riboflavin | No Danger Known |
.png) | E101(i) Riboflavin | unknown |
.png) | E101(ii) Riboflavin-5 sodium phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E101(iii) Riboflavin | unknown |
 | E101a Vitamin B2 | unknown |
 | E102 Tartrazine |  toxic |
 | E103 Chrysoin S | unknown |
 | E104 Quinoline Yellow | toxic |
 | E105 Solid yellow | toxic |
 | E106 Riboflavin-5-Sodium Phosphate | unknown |
 | E107 Yellow 2G |  dubious |
 | E110 Orange yellow S | toxic |
 | E1100 Amylases | No Danger Known |
.png) | E1100(i) Alpha-amylase of Aspergillus oryzae var. | unknown |
.png) | E1100(ii) Bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-amylase | unknown |
.png) | E1100(iii) Bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase | unknown |
.png) | E1100(iv) Bacillus megaterium alpha-amylase expressed as Bacillus subtilis | unknown |
.png) | E1100(v) Bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-amylase expressed as Bacillus subtilis | unknown |
.png) | E1100(vi) Carbohydrase of Bacillus licheniformis | unknown |
 | E1101 Protéases | No Danger Known |
.png) | E1101(i) Protease from Aspergillus orizae var. | unknown |
.png) | E1101(ii) Papain | unknown |
.png) | E1101(iii) Bromelain | unknown |
.png) | E1101(iv) Ficine | unknown |
 | E1102 Glucose oxidase | No Danger Known |
 | E1103 Invertase | No Danger Known |
 | E1104 Lipases | No Danger Known |
 | E1105 Lysozyme | to moderate |
 | E111 Orange GGN | toxic |
 | E120 Carminic acid | dubious |
.png) | E120(i) Carmin | dubious |
.png) | E120(ii) Extract of Cochineal | dubious |
 | E1200 Polydextrose | to moderate |
 | E1201 Poly vinyl pyrrolidone | to moderate |
 | E1202 Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone | to moderate |
 | E1203 Polyvinyl alcohol | No Danger Known |
 | E1204 Pullulane | No Danger Known |
 | E1205 Basic methacrylate copolymer | No Danger Known |
 | E1206 Neutral methacrylate copolymer | No Danger Known |
 | E1207 Anionic methacrylate copolymer | No Danger Known |
 | E1208 Copolymer of vinyl acetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone, | No Danger Known |
 | E1209 Polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene graft copolymer glycol | No Danger Known |
 | E121 Citrus red n°2 | toxic |
 | E122 Azorubin | toxic |
 | E123 Amaranth | dubious |
 | E124 Culvert 4R | toxic |
 | E125 SX Culvert | toxic |
 | E126 Culvert 6R | toxic |
 | E127 Erythrosine | to moderate |
 | E128 Red 2G | toxic |
 | E129 Allura Red AC | toxic |
 | E130 Manascorubin | toxic |
 | E131 Patented blue V | dubious |
 | E132 Indigotine | No Danger Known |
 | E133 Brilliant Blue FCF | to moderate |
 | E140 Chlorophylls | to moderate |
.png) | E140(i) Chlorophylls | unknown |
.png) | E140(ii) Chlorophyllines | unknown |
 | E1400 Dextrins | to moderate |
 | E1401 Acid-treated starch | to moderate |
 | E1402 Alkali treated starch | to moderate |
 | E1403 Bleached starch | dubious |
 | E1404 Oxidized starch | No Danger Known |
 | E1405 Enzyme-treated starches | to moderate |
 | E141 Copper complex of chlorophylls and chlorophyllines | to moderate |
.png) | E141(i) Copper complex of chlorophylls | unknown |
.png) | E141(ii) Copper complex of chlorophyllines | unknown |
 | E1410 Starch phosphate | dubious |
 | E1411 Distarch glycerol | to moderate |
 | E1412 Distarch phosphate | dubious |
 | E1413 Distarch phosphate | dubious |
 | E1414 Acetylated distarch phosphate | dubious |
 | E142 Acid green glossy BS | to moderate |
 | E1420 Acetylated starch | No Danger Known |
 | E1421 Acetylated starch | toxic |
 | E1422 Acetylated Diamond Adipate | No Danger Known |
 | E1423 Acetylated distarch glycerol | unknown |
 | E143 Solid Green FCF | toxic |
 | E1440 Hydroxypropyl starch | to moderate |
 | E1441 Hydroxypropylated distarch glycerin | toxic |
 | E1442 Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate | dubious |
 | E1443 Hydroxypropylated distarch glycerol | unknown |
 | E1450 Octenyl succinate of sodium starch | No Danger Known |
 | E1451 Acetylated oxidized starch | No Danger Known |
 | E1452 Starch Octenyl Aluminum Octenyl Succinate | dubious |
 | E14XX Modified starches | unknown |
 | E150 Caramel | unknown |
 | E1503 Castor oil | to moderate |
 | E1504 Ethyl acetate | unknown |
.png) | E1504(i) Cyclotetraglucose | unknown |
.png) | E1504(ii) Cyclotetraglucose syrup | unknown |
 | E1505 Triethyl citrate | to moderate |
 | E150a Ordinary caramel | No Danger Known |
 | E150b Caustic sulphite caramel | to moderate |
 | E150c Ammoniacal caramel | toxic |
 | E150d Ammonium sulphite caramel | toxic |
 | E151 Black glossy BN | to moderate |
 | E1510 Ethanol | to moderate |
 | E1517 Diacetin | No Danger Known |
 | E1518 Triacetin | No Danger Known |
 | E1519 Benzyl alcohol | No Danger Known |
 | E152 Carbon Black | dubious |
 | E1520 Propylene glycol | No Danger Known |
 | E1521 Polyethylene glycol | No Danger Known |
 | E1522 Calcium lignosulfonate (40-65) | dubious |
 | E153 Vegetable coal | to moderate |
 | E154 Brown CF | toxic |
 | E155 Chocolate brown HT | to moderate |
 | E160 Carotenoids | unknown |
 | E160a Beta-carotene | No Danger Known |
.png) | E160a(i) Synthetic beta-carotene | unknown |
.png) | E160a(ii) Carotenes extracted from plants | unknown |
.png) | E160a(iii) Beta-carotene from Blakeslea trispora | unknown |
.png) | E160a(iv) Carotenes extracted from algae | unknown |
 | E160b Rocou | to moderate |
.png) | E160b(i) Rocou extracted by solvents | unknown |
.png) | E160b(ii) Alkaline extract of annatto | unknown |
.png) | E160b(iii) Oily extract of annatto | unknown |
 | E160c Paprika extract | No Danger Known |
.png) | E160c(ii) Paprika extract | unknown |
 | E160d Lycopene | No Danger Known |
.png) | E160d(i) Synthetic lycopene | unknown |
.png) | E160d(ii) Lycopene extracted by solvents | unknown |
.png) | E160d(iii) Lycopene from Blakeslea trispora | unknown |
 | E160e Beta-apo-8'-carotenal | to moderate |
 | E160f Ethyl ester of -apocarotenic acid 8' -apocarotenic acid ethyl ester | to moderate |
 | E161 Xanthophylls | unknown |
 | E161a Flavoxanthin | No Danger Known |
 | E161b Lutein | No Danger Known |
.png) | E161b(i) Lutein de Tagetes erecta | unknown |
.png) | E161b(ii) Tagetes extracts | unknown |
.png) | E161b(iii) Esters of Lutein from Tagetes erecta | unknown |
 | E161c Cryptoxanthin | to moderate |
 | E161d Rubixanthin | No Danger Known |
 | E161e Violaxanthin | No Danger Known |
 | E161f Rhodoxanthin | to moderate |
 | E161g Canthaxanthin | to moderate |
 | E161h Zeaxanthin | to moderate |
.png) | E161h(i) Zeaxanthin, synthetic | unknown |
.png) | E161h(ii) Zeaxanthin rich in Tagetes erecta extract | unknown |
 | E161i Citranaxanthin | No Danger Known |
 | E161j Astaxanthin | unknown |
 | E162 Beet Red | No Danger Known |
 | E163 Anthocyanins | No Danger Known |
.png) | E163(ii) Grape skin extract | unknown |
.png) | E163(iii) Blackcurrant extract | unknown |
.png) | E163(iv) Purple corn dye | unknown |
.png) | E163(v) Red cabbage dye | unknown |
 | E164 Gardenia Yellow | unknown |
 | E165 Gardenia blue | unknown |
 | E166 Sandalwood | No Danger Known |
 | E170 Calcium carbonate | No Danger Known |
.png) | E170(i) Calcium carbonate | unknown |
.png) | E170(ii) Calcium hydrogen carbonate | unknown |
 | E171 Titanium Dioxide | dubious |
 | E172 Iron oxide | to moderate |
.png) | E172(i) Ferroso-ferric oxide | unknown |
.png) | E172(ii) Anhydrous ferric oxide | unknown |
.png) | E172(iii) Hydrated ferric oxide | unknown |
 | E173 Aluminium | dubious |
 | E174 Silver | to moderate |
 | E175 Gold | to moderate |
 | E180 Lithol-rubin BK | to moderate |
 | E181 Tannin | to moderate |
 | E182 Orseille | toxic |
 | E200 Sorbic acid | dubious |
 | E201 Sodium sorbate | dubious |
 | E202 Potassium sorbate | dubious |
 | E203 Calcium sorbate | dubious |
 | E209 Hepthyl parahydroxybenzoate | toxic |
 | E210 Benzoic acid | toxic |
 | E211 Sodium benzoate | toxic |
 | E212 Potassium benzoate | toxic |
 | E213 Calcium benzoate | toxic |
 | E214 Ethylparaben | to moderate |
 | E215 Ethylparaben sodium | to moderate |
 | E216 Propylparaben | toxic |
 | E217 Propylparaben sodium | toxic |
 | E218 Methylparaben | to moderate |
 | E219 Methylparaben sodium | to moderate |
 | E220 Sulphur dioxide | to moderate |
 | E221 Sodium sulphite | to moderate |
 | E222 Sodium bisulfite | to moderate |
 | E223 Sodium disulfite | to moderate |
 | E224 Potassium disulphite | to moderate |
 | E225 Calcium disulfite | toxic |
 | E226 Calcium sulphite | to moderate |
 | E227 Calcium bisulfite | to moderate |
 | E228 Potassium bisulfite | to moderate |
 | E230 Biphenyl | toxic |
 | E231 Orthophenylphenol | toxic |
 | E232 Sodium orthophenylphenate | toxic |
 | E233 Thiabendazole | toxic |
 | E234 Nisine | No Danger Known |
 | E235 Natamycin | to moderate |
 | E236 Formic acid | dubious |
 | E237 Sodium formate | dubious |
 | E238 Calcium formate | dubious |
 | E239 Hexamethylene tetramine | to moderate |
 | E240 Formaldehyde | toxic |
 | E241 Guaiac gum | No Danger Known |
 | E242 Dimethyl dicarbonate|DMDC | to moderate |
 | E243 Lauric ethyl arginate | to moderate |
 | E249 Potassium nitrite | toxic |
 | E250 Sodium nitrite | toxic |
 | E251 Sodium nitrate | toxic |
 | E252 Potassium nitrate | toxic |
 | E260 Acetic acid | No Danger Known |
 | E261 Potassium acetate | No Danger Known |
.png) | E261(i) Potassium acetate | unknown |
.png) | E261(ii) Potassium diacetate | unknown |
 | E262 Sodium acetates | No Danger Known |
.png) | E262(i) Sodium acetate | unknown |
.png) | E262(ii) Sodium diacetate | unknown |
 | E263 Calcium acetate | No Danger Known |
 | E264 Ammonium acetate | dubious |
 | E265 Dehydrated acid | toxic |
 | E266 Sodium Dehydroacetate | toxic |
 | E270 Lactic Acid | No Danger Known |
 | E280 Propionic acid | to moderate |
 | E281 Sodium propionate | to moderate |
 | E282 Calcium propionate | to moderate |
 | E283 Potassium propionate | to moderate |
 | E284 Boric acid | toxic |
 | E285 Sodium tetraborate | toxic |
 | E290 Carbon Dioxide | No Danger Known |
 | E296 Malic acid (DL- or L-) | No Danger Known |
 | E297 Fumaric acid | No Danger Known |
 | E300 Ascorbic acid (L-) | No Danger Known |
 | E301 Sodium ascorbate | No Danger Known |
 | E302 Calcium ascorbate | No Danger Known |
 | E303 Potassium ascorbate | No Danger Known |
 | E304 Palmityl-6-L-ascorbic acid | No Danger Known |
.png) | E304(i) Ascorbyl palmitate | unknown |
.png) | E304(ii) Ascorbyl stearate | unknown |
 | E305 Ascorbyl stearate | unknown |
 | E306 Vitamin E | No Danger Known |
 | E307 Alpha-tocopherol | No Danger Known |
 | E307a Tocopherol, dl-? | unknown |
 | E307b Tocopherol concentrate | unknown |
 | E307c Tocopherol, dl-? | unknown |
 | E308 Synthetic gamma-tocopherol | No Danger Known |
 | E309 Delta-tocopherol synthesis | No Danger Known |
 | E310 Propyl Gallate | to moderate |
 | E311 Octyl Gallate | dubious |
 | E312 Dodecyl Gallate | dubious |
 | E313 Ethyl Gallate | unknown |
 | E314 Guaiac resin | No Danger Known |
 | E315 Erythorbic acid | No Danger Known |
 | E316 Sodium erythorbate | No Danger Known |
 | E317 Potassium iso-ascorbate | No Danger Known |
 | E318 Calcium iso-ascorbate | No Danger Known |
 | E319 Tertiary butylhydroquinone | dubious |
 | E320 Butylhydroxyanisol | toxic |
 | E321 Butylhydroxytoluene | to moderate |
 | E322 Lecithins | to moderate |
.png) | E322(i) Lecithin | unknown |
.png) | E322(ii) Partially hydrolyzed lecithin | unknown |
 | E323 Anoxomer | dubious |
 | E324 Ethoxyquine | toxic |
 | E325 Sodium lactate | No Danger Known |
 | E326 Potassium lactate | No Danger Known |
 | E327 Calcium lactate | No Danger Known |
 | E328 Ammonium lactate | dubious |
 | E329 Magnesium lactate (DL-) | to moderate |
 | E330 Citric acid | to moderate |
 | E331 Sodium citrates | to moderate |
.png) | E331(i) Monosodium citrate | unknown |
.png) | E331(ii) Citrate disodium | unknown |
.png) | E331(iii) Trisodium citrate | unknown |
 | E332 Potassium citrates | to moderate |
.png) | E332(i) Monopotassium citrate | unknown |
.png) | E332(ii) Tripotassium citrate | unknown |
 | E333 Calcium citrates | to moderate |
.png) | E333(i) Monocalcium citrate | unknown |
.png) | E333(ii) Dicalcium citrate | unknown |
.png) | E333(iii) Tricalcium citrate | unknown |
 | E334 Tartaric acid | No Danger Known |
 | E335 Sodium tartrates | No Danger Known |
.png) | E335(i) Monosodium tartrate | unknown |
.png) | E335(ii) Disodium tartrate | unknown |
 | E336 Potassium tartrates | No Danger Known |
.png) | E336(i) Monopotassium tartrate | unknown |
.png) | E336(ii) Dipotassium tartrate | unknown |
 | E337 Double sodium and potassium tartrate | No Danger Known |
 | E338 Orthophosphoric acid | dubious |
 | E339 Sodium phosphate | dubious |
.png) | E339(i) Monosodium phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E339(ii) Disodium phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E339(iii) Trisodium phosphate | unknown |
 | E340 Potassium phosphates | dubious |
.png) | E340(i) Monopotassium phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E340(ii) Dipotassium phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E340(iii) Tripotassium phosphate | unknown |
 | E341 Calcium phosphates | dubious |
.png) | E341(i) Monocalcium phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E341(ii) Dicalcium phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E341(iii) Tricalcium phosphate | unknown |
 | E342 Ammonium phosphates | toxic |
.png) | E342(i) Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E342(ii) Diammonium hydrogen phosphate | unknown |
 | E343 Magnesium phosphates | dubious |
.png) | E343(i) Monomagnesium phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E343(ii) Dimagnesium phosphate | unknown |
.png) | E343(iii) Trimagnesium phosphate | unknown |
 | E344 Lecithin Citrate | to moderate |
 | E345 Magnesium citrate | to moderate |
 | E349 Ammonium malate | dubious |
 | E350 Sodium malate | No Danger Known |
.png) | E350(i) Sodium malate | unknown |
.png) | E350(ii) Sodium hydrogen malate | unknown |
 | E351 Potassium Malate | No Danger Known |
.png) | E351(i) Acid potassium malate | unknown |
.png) | E351(ii) Potassium Malate | unknown |
 | E352 Calcium malate | No Danger Known |
.png) | E352(i) Acid Calcium Malate | unknown |
.png) | E352(ii) Calcium malate, D,L- | unknown |
 | E353 Metatartaric acid | to moderate |
 | E354 Calcium tartrate | No Danger Known |
 | E355 Adipic acid | No Danger Known |
 | E356 Sodium adipate | No Danger Known |
 | E357 Potassium Adipate | No Danger Known |
 | E359 Ammonium adipate | dubious |
 | E363 Succinic acid | No Danger Known |
 | E364 Sodium succinates | to moderate |
.png) | E364(i) Monosodium succinate | unknown |
.png) | E364(ii) Disodium succinate | unknown |
 | E365 Sodium Fumarate | No Danger Known |
 | E366 Potassium Fumarate | No Danger Known |
 | E367 Calcium fumarate | No Danger Known |
 | E368 Ammonium fumarate | dubious |
 | E370 1,4-Heptonolactone | unknown |
 | E375 Niacin | to moderate |
 | E380 Triammonium citrate | to moderate |
 | E381 Ferric ammonium citrate green | dubious |
 | E383 Calcium Glycerophosphate | dubious |
 | E384 Isopropyl Citrates | toxic |
 | E385 Calcium-disodium EDTA | to moderate |
 | E386 Disodium EDTA | toxic |
 | E387 Oxystearin | to moderate |
 | E388 Thiodipropanoic acid|Thiodipropionic acid | to moderate |
 | E389 Dilauryl thiodipropionate | to moderate |
 | E390 Distearyl thiodipropionate | to moderate |
 | E391 Phytic acid | No Danger Known |
 | E392 Rosemary extract | No Danger Known |
 | E399 Calcium Lactobionate | unknown |
 | E400 Alginic acid | No Danger Known |
 | E401 Sodium alginate | No Danger Known |
 | E402 Potassium alginate | No Danger Known |
 | E403 Ammonium alginate | No Danger Known |
 | E404 Calcium alginate | No Danger Known |
 | E405 Propylene glycol alginate | No Danger Known |
 | E406 Agar-agar | to moderate |
 | E407 Carrageenans | to moderate |
 | E407a Transformed Euchema Algae | to moderate |
 | E408 Baker's yeast glycan | No Danger Known |
 | E409 Arabinogalactane | unknown |
 | E410 Carob bean gum | to moderate |
 | E411 Oat gum | No Danger Known |
 | E412 Guar gum | to moderate |
 | E413 Dragon Gum | to moderate |
 | E414 Acacia gum | to moderate |
 | E415 Xanthan gum | to moderate |
 | E416 Karaya gum | to moderate |
 | E417 Tara gum | to moderate |
 | E418 Gellan gum | No Danger Known |
 | E419 Ghatti gum | unknown |
 | E420 Sorbitols | to moderate |
.png) | E420(i) Sorbitol | unknown |
.png) | E420(ii) Sorbitol syrup | unknown |
 | E421 Mannitol | to moderate |
 | E422 Glycerol | to moderate |
 | E423 Octenylsuccinic acid modified gum arabic (OSA) | No Danger Known |
 | E424 Curdlan | dubious |
 | E425 Konjac | to moderate |
.png) | E425(i) Konjac gum | unknown |
.png) | E425(ii) Konjac Glucomannan | unknown |
 | E426 Soybean hemicellulose | to moderate |
 | E427 Cassia gum | No Danger Known |
 | E428 Gelatin | to moderate |
 | E429 Peptones | unknown |
 | E430 Polyoxyethylene stearate (8) | toxic |
 | E431 Polyoxyethylene stearate (40) | to moderate |
 | E432 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate | dubious |
 | E433 Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monooleate | dubious |
 | E434 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate | dubious |
 | E435 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate | dubious |
 | E436 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate | dubious |
 | E437 Polysaccharide tamarind seeds | unknown |
 | E440 Pectins | No Danger Known |
.png) | E440(i) Pectin | unknown |
.png) | E440(ii) Amidated pectin | unknown |
 | E440a Pectin | unknown |
 | E440b Amidated pectin | unknown |
 | E441 Gelatin of animal origin | dubious |
 | E442 Ammonium phosphatides | dubious |
 | E443 Brominated vegetable oil | toxic |
 | E444 Sucrose acetate isobutyrate | No Danger Known |
 | E445 Glycerol esters of wood resin | to moderate |
.png) | E445(iii) Glyceric ester of wood resin | unknown |
 | E446 Succistearine | unknown |
 | E450 Diphosphates | dubious |
.png) | E450(i) Disodium diphosphate | dubious |
.png) | E450(ii) Trisodium diphosphate | dubious |
.png) | E450(iii) Tetrasodium diphosphate | dubious |
.png) | E450(iv) Dipotassium diphosphate | dubious |
.png) | E450(ix) Magnesium dihydrogen diphosphate | dubious |
.png) | E450(v) Tetrapotassium diphosphate | dubious |
.png) | E450(vi) Dicalcium diphosphate | dubious |
.png) | E450(vii) Biacid calcium diphosphate | dubious |
.png) | E450(viii) Dimagnesium diphosphate | dubious |
 | E451 Triphosphates | dubious |
.png) | E451(i) Sodium triphosphate | unknown |
.png) | E451(ii) Pentapotassium triphosphate | unknown |
 | E452 Polyphosphates | dubious |
.png) | E452(i) Sodium polyphosphate | unknown |
.png) | E452(ii) Potassium polyphosphate | unknown |
.png) | E452(iii) Sodium-calcium polyphosphate | unknown |
.png) | E452(iv) Calcium polyphosphate | unknown |
.png) | E452(v) Ammonium polyphosphate | unknown |
.png) | E452(vi) Sodium and potassium tripolyphosphate | unknown |
 | E456 Potassium polyaspartate | No Danger Known |
 | E457 Alpha-Cyclodextrin | toxic |
 | E458 Gamma-Cyclodextrin | toxic |
 | E459 Beta-cyclodextrin | to moderate |
 | E460 Cellulose | No Danger Known |
.png) | E460(i) Microcrystalline cellulose | unknown |
.png) | E460(ii) Powdered cellulose | unknown |
 | E461 Methylcellulose | to moderate |
 | E462 Ethylcellulose | to moderate |
 | E463 Hydroxypropylcellulose | to moderate |
 | E463a Low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (L-HPC) | unknown |
 | E464 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose | to moderate |
 | E465 Ethyl methylcellulose | to moderate |
 | E466 Carboxy methylcellulose | dubious |
 | E467 Ethyl-hydroxyethyl cellulose | dubious |
 | E468 Cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose | dubious |
 | E469 Enzymatically hydrolyzed carboxymethylcellulose | dubious |
 | E470 Fatty acid salts | dubious |
.png) | E470(i) Salts of myristic, palmitic and stearic acids with ammonia, calcium, potassium and sodium | unknown |
.png) | E470(ii) Oleic acid salts with calcium, potassium and sodium | unknown |
.png) | E470(iii) Magnesium stearate | unknown |
 | E470a Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids | No Danger Known |
 | E470b Magnesium salts of fatty acids | No Danger Known |
 | E471 Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | dubious |
 | E472 Esters of dietary fatty acids | unknown |
 | E472a Acetic esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | dubious |
 | E472b Diacetyl-lactic ester of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | dubious |
 | E472c Citric ester of mono and diglycerides of dietary fatty acids | dubious |
 | E472d Tartaric ester of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | dubious |
 | E472e Monoacetyltartaric ester of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | dubious |
 | E472f Mixed acetic and tartaric esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | dubious |
 | E472g Succinyl monoglycerides | dubious |
 | E473 Sucroester of fatty acids | dubious |
 | E473a Sucrose oligoesters type I | dubious |
 | E474 Sucroglycerides | dubious |
 | E475 Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids | dubious |
 | E476 Polyglycerol esters of castor oil fatty acids | dubious |
 | E477 Propylene glycol esters of fatty acid | dubious |
 | E478 Lactyl esters of fatty acids of glycerol and propane-1 | toxic |
 | E479 Soybean oil oxidized by heating in interaction with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | unknown |
 | E479b Heat-oxidized soybean oil reacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | dubious |
 | E480 Sodium docusate | dubious |
 | E481 Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate | dubious |
.png) | E481(i) Lactylated Sodium Stearyl | unknown |
.png) | E481(ii) Lactylated Sodium Oleyl | unknown |
 | E482 Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate | dubious |
.png) | E482(i) Lactylated calcium stearyl | unknown |
.png) | E482(ii) Lactylated calcium oleyl | unknown |
 | E483 Stearyl Tartrate | to moderate |
 | E484 Stearyl citrate | to moderate |
 | E485 Sodium stearoylfumarate | unknown |
 | E486 Calcium stearoylfumarate | unknown |
 | E487 Sodium laurylsulfate | toxic |
 | E488 Mono- and diglyceride ethoxylates | toxic |
 | E489 Methyl glycoside ester of coconut oil | unknown |
 | E490 Propylene glycol | unknown |
 | E491 Sorbitan monostearate | dubious |
 | E492 Sorbitan tristearate | dubious |
 | E493 Sorbitan monolaurate | dubious |
 | E494 Sorbitan monooleate | dubious |
 | E495 Sorbitan monopalmitate | dubious |
 | E496 Sorbitan trioleate | dubious |
 | E499 Phytosterols rich in stigmasterol | No Danger Known |
 | E500 Sodium carbonates | No Danger Known |
.png) | E500(i) Sodium carbonate | unknown |
.png) | E500(ii) Sodium hydrogen carbonate | unknown |
.png) | E500(iii) Sodium Sesquicarbonate | unknown |
 | E501 Potassium carbonates | No Danger Known |
.png) | E501(i) Potassium carbonate | unknown |
.png) | E501(ii) Potassium hydrogen carbonate | unknown |
 | E502 Carbonates | unknown |
 | E503 Ammonium carbonates | No Danger Known |
.png) | E503(i) Ammonium carbonate | unknown |
.png) | E503(ii) Ammonium acid carbonate | unknown |
 | E504 Magnesium carbonates | to moderate |
.png) | E504(i) Magnesium carbonate | unknown |
.png) | E504(ii) Acid magnesium carbonate | unknown |
 | E505 Iron carbonate | to moderate |
 | E507 Hydrochloric acid | No Danger Known |
 | E508 Potassium Chloride | No Danger Known |
 | E509 Calcium chloride | No Danger Known |
 | E510 Ammonium Chloride | dubious |
 | E511 Magnesium Chloride | to moderate |
 | E512 Stannous chloride | to moderate |
 | E513 Sulphuric acid | No Danger Known |
 | E514 Sodium sulfates | No Danger Known |
.png) | E514(i) Sodium sulfate | unknown |
.png) | E514(ii) Sodium acid sulfate | unknown |
 | E515 Potassium sulfate | No Danger Known |
.png) | E515(i) Potassium sulfate | unknown |
.png) | E515(ii) Potassium acid sulfate | unknown |
 | E516 Calcium sulfate | No Danger Known |
 | E517 Ammonium sulphate | No Danger Known |
 | E518 Magnesium sulfate | No Danger Known |
 | E519 Copper sulphate | toxic |
 | E520 Aluminum sulphate | dubious |
 | E521 Sodium aluminum sulfate | dubious |
 | E522 Potassium aluminum sulphate | dubious |
 | E523 Aluminium ammonium sulphate | dubious |
 | E524 Sodium hydroxide | No Danger Known |
 | E525 Potassium hydroxide | No Danger Known |
 | E526 Calcium hydroxide | No Danger Known |
 | E527 Ammonium hydroxide | No Danger Known |
 | E528 Magnesium hydroxide | No Danger Known |
 | E529 Calcium oxide | No Danger Known |
 | E530 Magnesium oxide Periclase | No Danger Known |
 | E534 Iron tartrate | No Danger Known |
 | E535 Sodium Ferrocyanide | No Danger Known |
 | E536 Potassium Ferrocyanide | No Danger Known |
 | E537 Iron Hexacyanomanganate | dubious |
 | E538 Calcium Ferrocyanide | No Danger Known |
 | E539 Sodium thiosulfate | toxic |
 | E540 Acid Calcium Phosphate | dubious |
 | E541 Sodium aluminum phosphate | dubious |
.png) | E541(i) Sodium aluminum phosphate, acidic | unknown |
.png) | E541(ii) Sodium aluminum phosphate, basic | unknown |
 | E542 Edible bone phosphate | dubious |
 | E544 Calcium polyphosphate | dubious |
 | E545 Ammonium polyphosphate | toxic |
 | E546 Magnesium pyrophosphate | dubious |
 | E550 Sodium silicate | dubious |
.png) | E550(i) Sodium silicate | unknown |
.png) | E550(ii) Sodium metasilicate | unknown |
 | E551 Silicon Dioxide | dubious |
 | E552 Calcium silicate | dubious |
 | E553 Magnesium silicate | dubious |
.png) | E553(i) Magnesium silicate, synthetic | unknown |
.png) | E553(ii) Magnesium trisilicate | unknown |
.png) | E553(iii) Talc | unknown |
 | E553a Synthetic magnesium silicate | dubious |
 | E553ai Magnesium silicate | unknown |
 | E553b Talc | dubious |
 | E554 Sodium Aluminum Silicate | dubious |
 | E555 Potassium Aluminum Silicate | dubious |
 | E556 Alumino-calcium silicate | toxic |
 | E557 Zinc silicate | dubious |
 | E558 Bentonite | to moderate |
 | E559 Aluminum silicate | dubious |
 | E560 Potassium silicate | dubious |
 | E570 Stearic acid | No Danger Known |
 | E572 Magnesium stearate | dubious |
 | E574 Gluconic acid | No Danger Known |
 | E575 Glucono-delta-lactone | to moderate |
 | E576 Sodium gluconate | No Danger Known |
 | E577 Potassium gluconate | No Danger Known |
 | E578 Calcium gluconate | No Danger Known |
 | E579 Iron Gluconate | No Danger Known |
 | E580 Magnesium gluconate | to moderate |
 | E585 Ferrous lactate | No Danger Known |
 | E586 4-Hexylresorcinol | to moderate |
 | E620 Glutamic acid | dubious |
 | E621 Sodium glutamate | dubious |
 | E622 Potassium glutamate | dubious |
 | E623 Calcium glutamate | dubious |
 | E624 Ammonium glutamate | dubious |
 | E625 Magnesium glutamate | dubious |
 | E626 Guanylic acid | to moderate |
 | E627 Disodium guanylate | to moderate |
 | E628 Dipotassium guanylate | to moderate |
 | E629 Calcium guanylate | to moderate |
 | E630 Inosinic acid | to moderate |
 | E631 Sodium inosinate | to moderate |
 | E632 Potassium inosinate | to moderate |
 | E633 Calcium inosinate | to moderate |
 | E634 Calcium ribonucleotide | to moderate |
 | E635 Sodium ribonucleotide | to moderate |
 | E636 Maltol | dubious |
 | E637 Ethyl-maltol | dubious |
 | E638 Sodium aspartame (L-) | unknown |
 | E639 Alanine | No Danger Known |
 | E640 Glycines | No Danger Known |
.png) | E640(i) Glycine | unknown |
.png) | E640(ii) Sodiumglycinate | unknown |
 | E641 L-leucine | No Danger Known |
 | E642 Lysine Hydrochloride | to moderate |
 | E650 Zinc acetate | No Danger Known |
 | E900 Polydimethylsiloxane | No Danger Known |
 | E900a Polydimethylsiloxane | unknown |
 | E900b Methylphenylpolysiloxane | toxic |
 | E901 Beeswax | No Danger Known |
 | E902 Candelilla wax | No Danger Known |
 | E903 Carnauba wax | No Danger Known |
 | E904 Shellac | No Danger Known |
 | E905 Kerosene | to moderate |
 | E905a Food grade mineral oil | dubious |
 | E905b Vaseline | dubious |
 | E905c Petroleum wax | dubious |
.png) | E905c(i) Microcrystalline wax | unknown |
.png) | E905c(ii) Kerosene wax | unknown |
 | E905d Mineral oil, high viscosity | dubious |
 | E905e Mineral oil, medium viscosity (category I) | toxic |
 | E905f Mineral oil, medium and low viscosity (category II) | toxic |
 | E905g Mineral oil, medium and low viscosity (category III) | toxic |
 | E906 Benzoin gum | to moderate |
 | E907 Hydrogenated poly-1-decene | No Danger Known |
 | E908 Rice bran wax | unknown |
 | E909 Whale white wax | unknown |
 | E910 Wax esters | unknown |
 | E911 Fatty acid methyl esters | unknown |
 | E912 Montanic acid ester | dubious |
 | E913 Lanoline | to moderate |
 | E914 Oxidized polyethylene wax | to moderate |
 | E915 Rosin esters | to moderate |
 | E916 Calcium Iodate | No Danger Known |
 | E917 Potassium Iodate | No Danger Known |
 | E918 Nitrogen oxides | dubious |
 | E919 Nitrosyl chloride | toxic |
 | E920 sodium and potassium salts | No Danger Known |
 | E921 sodium and potassium salts | to moderate |
 | E922 Potassium Persulfate | dubious |
 | E923 Ammonium Persulfate | toxic |
 | E924 Potassium Bromate | unknown |
 | E924a Potassium Bromate | toxic |
 | E924b Calcium bromate | toxic |
 | E925 Chlorine | toxic |
 | E926 Chlorine peroxide | toxic |
 | E927 Azoformamide | unknown |
 | E927a azodicarbonamide | dubious |
 | E927b Carbamide | No Danger Known |
 | E928 Benzoyl peroxide | toxic |
 | E929 Acetone peroxide | toxic |
 | E930 Calcium Peroxide | dubious |
 | E938 Argon | No Danger Known |
 | E939 Helium | No Danger Known |
 | E940 Dichlorodifluoromethane | toxic |
 | E941 Nitrogen | No Danger Known |
 | E942 Nitrous oxide | No Danger Known |
 | E943a Butane | No Danger Known |
 | E943b Isobutane | No Danger Known |
 | E944 Propane | No Danger Known |
 | E945 Chloropentafluoroethane | unknown |
 | E946 Octafluorocyclobutane | unknown |
 | E948 Dioxygen | to moderate |
 | E949 Dihydrogen | No Danger Known |
 | E950 Acesulfame K | dubious |
 | E951 Aspartame | dubious |
 | E952 Cyclamic acid and its sodium and calcium salts | dubious |
.png) | E952(i) Cyclamic acid | unknown |
.png) | E952(ii) Calcium Cyclamte | unknown |
.png) | E952(iii) Potassium Cyclamate | unknown |
.png) | E952(iv) Sodium Cyclamate | unknown |
 | E953 Isomalt | to moderate |
 | E954 Saccharin and its salts | dubious |
.png) | E954(i) Saccharine | unknown |
.png) | E954(ii) Calcium saccharin | unknown |
.png) | E954(iii) Potassium saccharin | unknown |
.png) | E954(iv) Sodium saccharin | unknown |
 | E955 Sucralose | dubious |
 | E956 Alitame | dubious |
 | E957 Thaumatine | to moderate |
 | E958 Glycyrrhizic acid and salts | No Danger Known |
 | E959 Neohesperidine dihydrochalcone | to moderate |
 | E960 Stevia extract | to moderate |
 | E960a Steviol glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (Stevia steviol glycosides) | unknown |
.png) | E960b(i) Rebaudioside A from multiple genetic donors expressed in Yarrowia lipolytica | unknown |
 | E961 Neotame | to moderate |
 | E962 Aspartame-acesulfame salt | dubious |
 | E963 Tagatose | No Danger Known |
 | E964 Polyglycitol syrup | to moderate |
 | E965 Maltitol | to moderate |
.png) | E965(i) D-Maltitol | unknown |
.png) | E965(ii) Maltitol syrup | unknown |
 | E966 Lactitol | to moderate |
 | E967 Xylitol | to moderate |
 | E968 Erythritol | to moderate |
 | E969 Advantame | to moderate |
 | E999 Quillaia extracts | to moderate |
.png) | E999(i) Quillaia extract type 1 | unknown |
.png) | E999(ii) Quillaia extract type 2 | unknown |